The Taliban’s return to power in Afghanistan in August 2021 represents a major geopolitical shift for the country’s immediate neighbours and the wider region. Neighbouring countries have expressed deep concern about the security threats emanating from Taliban-ruled Afghanistan and about …
READ MOREIn remarkably short order, the unprecedented experience of the Ottawa Convoy of February 2022 has been well studied and there are extensive recommendations for change now on the public record.
The Public Order Emergency Commission, which was convened because …
READ MORELike a zombie, the argument that the global population must be urgently reduced to address the global environmental crisis keeps popping up – no matter how often the argument is put to rest. Take a speech at COP 27 by …
READ MOREOne year after the beginning of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, no doubt remains about the difficulties the Russian army faced in Ukraine. From over-ambitious strategic goals seeking to topple the Ukrainian regime, logistical issues to supply overextended military advances …
READ MOREThe Scottish Council for Global Affairs (SCGA) is a partnership between three Scottish universities, the Scottish Government and the UK government, providing a hub for collaborative policy-relevant research and non-partisan debate on international affairs.
SCGA seeks to facilitate and amplify …
READ MOREIn my previous blog post, I pushed back at an analysis of how the Russia-Ukraine war may end by Samuel Charap and Timothy J. Coulton at the 2022 Daniliw Seminar at the University of Ottawa. I am troubled by …
READ MOREThe study of how Russia’s war on Ukraine will end has been a niche subject, possibly due to the inherent difficulty of prediction, the surprise that greeted the full-scale invasion, and the Ukrainians’ success at stopping and rolling it back. …
READ MOREAujourd’hui, le Core Group sous la houlette du Canada, entre autres, souhaite répondre à une demande inconstitutionnelle, illégale d’un gouvernement illégitime, décrié par le peuple Ayitien, pour venir contrer l’insécurité et résoudre la crise humanitaire qui s’en suit.
Cette intervention …
READ MOREA former Canadian Undersecretary of State for External Affairs, Allan Gotlieb, once described Canada’s strong role in disarmament activity as having “always been a natural calling, with broad public support and strong specialized constituencies”. While Canada has in the past …
READ MOREMany struggles for justice, peace, or well-being incur the pushback of the state. When the state is authoritarian and unconstrained (or unconcerned) by the rule of law, ‘pushback’ can be severe and even lethal. Not surprisingly, many dissidents or activists …
READ MOREThe hearings around the “Freedom Convoy” that occupied parts of Ottawa in early 2022 have opened a window into the inner workings of Canadian police forces. The Ottawa Police Service (OPS) was widely criticized for its mishandling of the situation …
READ MOREEmmanuel Macron is still voicing his incredulity about the Australian government withdrawing from an agreement to purchase French-designed and co-build submarines and instead enter into the AUKUS agreement where the US and UK will provide Australia – at considerable expense …
READ MOREAs the Summit of La Francophonie begins in Djerba in Tunisia, the organization and the francophone world it represents are faced with a profound irony. There will be no shortage of dignitaries. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, Minister Mélanie Joly and …
READ MOREIn September 2021, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia established a trilateral security partnership called AUKUS, which aims to uphold the rule-based order and deepen diplomatic and defence cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region.
Recently, there have been …
READ MOREMany around the world tune in every September to the annual General Assembly of the United Nations (UNGA). Since the first UNGA in 1946, leaders have addressed their fellow UN members.
Many addresses have been incredibly memorable, from Nikita Kruschev …
READ MOREShortly after the Taliban took over Afghanistan in August 2021, the Canadian government announced its intention to resettle 40000 Afghans as quickly as possible. This promise was made at the United Nations General Assembly in recognition that Canadians were “overwhelmingly” …
READ MOREIn 2021, the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia announced the ‘AUKUS’ trilateral security pact. Assessments of AUKUS have tended to focus on the nature of the advanced military technology that will be shared (cyber, AI, quantum, hypersonic, and of …
READ MOREIt’s that time of year again… time to launch CIPS’ Best Blog award! Just like last year, we hope this competition will provide you with an opportunity to revisit some of the best blogs from the past 12 months.
It …
READ MOREIn the last several years, and in particular since Canada’s unsuccessful bid for a seat on the UN Security Council in June 2020, numerous critiques of Canadian diplomacy have been published, including some written by prominent retired ambassadors, former …
READ MOREIn March, the federal Liberals and NDP entered into a Supply and Confidence Agreement, Delivering for Canadians Now. The NDP has pledged support for the Liberal minority government through to 2025 in return for promised progress on several important …
READ MOREOn 7 April, a Turkish court ordered that the murder trial of those accused of killing and dismembering Jamal Khashoggi be transferred to Saudi Arabia. This will effectively end the case and put pay to any chance of achieving …
READ MOREOne thousand five hundred kilometres is roughly the distance between Hamburg and Kyiv. A week after Putin started his invasion of Ukraine, the city government of Hamburg proclaimed proudly that it had prepared 750 beds for refugees from Ukraine. As …
READ MOREExtreme nationalism and anti-Muslim hatred are mounting in India, all at the expense of its democracy. It is being led or coddled by the sitting Government of Narendra Modi and the Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). But the …
READ MOREHistorians have known for a long time that the idea that Ukrainians form a different nation than Russians, and therefore decide of their own destiny, is seen by Moscow, and a large segment of the Russian population, as artificial, as …
READ MOREThe trucker convoy that rolled onto the streets of Ottawa late last month has become an unlikely cause célèbre for far-right movements and anti-vaxxers around the world. The scenario that has unfolded is not how Canada sees itself, and it …
READ MOREThe tweet from Cooperation Canada after the webinar said it all: ‘“We want to be a voice for the low-income countries”, explains @HarjitSajjan of Canada’s response to the pandemic #COVID19 around the world’. Funny thing, we thought the low-income countries …
READ MOREIn a recent CIPS podcast, Srdjan Vucetic, David Murakami Wood and myself discussed criticality in Intelligence Studies and Surveillance Studies. The question was simple enough: what does ‘critique’ mean in the context of both fields of scholarship?
To respond …
READ MOREDespite no longer making the headlines, the situation in Afghanistan is a lot worse now than it was in August, when the world watched in horror as people fell off a military airplane leaving Kabul Airport.
What should Canada do …
READ MOREAlongside the global existential challenge of Climate Change and the Coronavirus pandemic, which have come to dominate news headlines worldwide, there are the old but growing challenges of involuntary migration.
The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) reports 82.4 …
READ MORECanada’s new Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mélanie Joly, has promised a combination of “humility and audacity” for Canadian foreign policy. She will inevitably face a barrage of questions relating to important issues critical to Canadian foreign policy – from …
READ MOREWhile Europe had grown accustomed to the idea that catastrophes happen elsewhere, at least since the end of the Second World War, the Covid-19 pandemic was a humbling event. Its blatant socio-economic consequences have added more stress to the cycle …
READ MOREThe COVID19 pandemic is the greatest single human tragedy of the internet era. We cannot be certain the end is in sight.
The pandemic danger will not end if COVID is finally controlled. Other currently known diseases could surge into …
READ MORELast year we launched our first ‘Best Blog Award’ competition. While the principal motivations behind the competition were to (a) offer up an engaging experience for you, dear reader and (b) draw some more attention the expertise and hard work …
READ MOREFormer US President Donald Trump in 2016 justified his plan to build a wall at the United States’ Southern Border to keep out Mexicans (many of whom implied he were rapists). This motif forms part of Trump’s strategy to “Make …
READ MOREAfter the U.S.-led invasion of Afghanistan in late 2001, I consistently argued for a comprehensive, UN-facilitated peace process, encompassing all the internal Afghan parties to the conflict, including the Taliban and the regional and other actors implicated in the conflict, …
READ MOREJust days after Canadians took to the polls, Germans, too, elected a new parliament. Having lead Germany for sixteen years, Angela Merkel was not on the ballot again: the end of an era in German politics and the arrival of …
READ MOREFor close to a decade, the UN has been under the double pressure of a high number of fatalities and pressure from member states to cut costs, particularly from the United States. Since 2013, the UN has not launched a …
READ MOREDebates about UN peacekeeping have increasingly come to revolve around the ‘protection of civilians’ (POC) in both policy and academic spheres. These debates are undoubtedly crucial and have important real-life consequences. At the same time, the focus on …
READ MOREIn the current federal election, foreign policy is getting very little attention, despite Canada’s implication in many global crises and long-standing concern from all directions about Canada’s place in the world, its image and whether or not it …
READ MOREDespite ongoing calls from academics, activists, and peacebuilders globally, United Nations and other international peace operations remain largely top-down, directed by the interests of funders rather than based on the needs and knowledge of conflict-affected communities. Yet, while often significantly …
READ MOREAu fil des années, la lutte contre le terrorisme s’est imposée comme un enjeu opérationnel et politique en Europe comme en Amérique du Nord. Le renseignement y joue un rôle important, permettant aux professionnels de la sécurité de revendiquer une …
READ MOREThough a debated category, “middle power” countries use multilateralism and peacekeeping to pursue their interests, build relationships and exert influence globally. Recently, however, commitments have shifted toward regional military alliances and “smart”, technical engagements, reducing the …
READ MOREIn late May 2021, CIPS scholars hosted a virtual workshop on the topic of middle powers, liberal internationalism, and the changing geopolitical environment around UN peace operations. Workshop participants joined us from six different countries to present original research papers. …
READ MOREEver since the regime changes in Eastern Europe in 1989 and the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, communist-era monumental art has become a controversial subject. Post-communist states, both the pre-existing ones and those which emerged after the Soviet …
READ MOREMost famous for its World Heritage Programme, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) has in recent years championed the idea of futures literacy – the skill and practice of diversifying why and how we imagine the future. …
READ MOREAs dark clouds piled on the horizon and a catastrophic humanitarian crisis looms over Afghanistan, the Canadian government promised a special resettlement program for approximately 20,000 Afghans who fear reprisals from the Taliban for collaborating with the international community. The …
READ MORECollective reparations emerged in Colombia within the legal framework of the peace process of the Government of Álvaro Uribe Vélez with the United Self-defense Forces of Colombia (AUC in Spanish) of 2005. The legal framework focused on the rights of …
READ MORESocieties that have suffered massive violence require transitional institutions to manage injustices related to grave violations of human rights, document the truth of infringements and hold perpetrators accountable. The 2016 peace agreement in Colombia instituted the Truth Commission and the …
READ MOREThe national strike that erupted on 28 April 2021, following a proposed tax reform by the current administration, was met with state repression of protests. That repression and the impasse of dialogue since late April have revealed deep grievances and …
READ MOREDans la nuit du mardi 6 au mercredi 7 juillet 2021, un groupe d’hommes armés attaque le domicile du Président d’Haïti Jovenel Moise, l’assassine et laisse la Première Dame avec de graves blessures. Les premières informations venant du Premier Ministre …
READ MOREAuthoritarianism is on the rise globally and democratic governments need to be better equipped to meet the challenges it represents, or at a minimum smarter about how they manage relations with authoritarian states.
For all the talk around a global …
READ MORELa politique d’aide internationale féministe (PAIF) du Canada, initiée en 2017, vise à promouvoir l’égalité des genres, le renforcement du pouvoir des femmes à l’étranger et le rôle de celles-ci dans les initiatives en matière de paix et sécurité. …
READ MOREOn May 20, 2021, Iceland convened the 12th Ministerial Meeting of the Arctic Council (AC) in Reykjavik. Upon concluding its 2-year term at the helm of the AC, the host handed over the AC’s gavel to Russia.
Russia’s assumption …
READ MOREZimbabwe has been gripped by political controversy over the past six weeks, as opposition parties and activists objected to the passing of two bills amending the country’s constitution, threatening to erode Zimbabwe’s ailing democracy further. The bills pushed through several …
READ MOREThe Bank of Canada, like central banks around the world, is currently facing enormous upheaval and uncertainty due to the enduring COVID-19 pandemic.
Will its leadership seize the moment as an opportunity to innovate and respond to the challenges …
READ MOREIn mid-2018, one million people took to the streets of Argentina to urge Congress to pass a bill that would legalize abortion. It wasn’t the first time, and it would not be the last. The Green Wave, as the …
READ MORE
The world has watched in horror as Hong Kong is transformed from an open society with a liberal constitutional order into a repressive authoritarian regime.
Last year a new Beijing-imposed National Security Law (NSL) targeted freedom of expression with …
READ MOREThe global response to the spread of COVID-19 teaches us that, although border closures may be critical to fighting the spread of disease, they cause harm, often irrevocable damage, to many of the world’s most vulnerable, namely refugees and asylum …
READ MOREEven for those not listening, it is almost impossible not to hear the collective sigh of relief emanating from foreign policy elites across the globe. “Well,” they mutter (or cheer), “thank goodness that is over.” “That”, it hardly needs saying, …
READ MOREThe Central African Republic is again engulfed by conflict. This time, the conflict centred on the Presidential election of December 2020. As the country prepared for the elections, the Constitutional Court rejected former President Bozizé’s candidacy. There were disagreements over …
READ MOREThe sustainability of any peace agreement is, to no small extent, a function of the inclusivity of the peace process that led to it. It also dependent on a widely shared notion that the status quo must be replaced in …
READ MOREWe have completed almost a full year under severe restrictions required to limit the spread of COVID19, and the tunnel ahead is still dark. A global shutdown of this magnitude has few parallels in history. What will this do to …
READ MOREIt was with a great sense of déjà vu that I heard of this week’s military coup in Myanmar, with early-morning arrests of the President and cabinet ministers, including national icon Aung San Suu Kyi.
Myanmar’s generals are following a …
READ MOREAs the results from the Ugandan elections were announced, there was an overwhelming sense of dejà-vu. President Yoweri Museveni, in power for nearly 35 years, won with 58.6 percent of the vote. His main rival, the musician and Member of …
READ MOREThe siege of the U.S. Capitol by Donald Trump’s supporters follows identifiable paths and patterns of election violence seen around the world.
Election violence is rarely spontaneous. It is intentionally organized in order to influence the process and outcome …
READ MOREThere is a significant change taking place across the global south, as international development agencies are taking a less prominent role in promoting development and democracy.
Over the past five years, various crises have undermined cooperation and cohesion in the …
READ MOREOn 29 November, Swiss voters gathered for a referendum. They affirmed that the country’s constitution should be amended to impose human rights due diligence (HRDD) requirements on multinational firms headquartered in Switzerland. The proposed amendment, which would require companies to …
READ MORECanada prides itself on a global image as a human rights champion. Yet, behind high prison walls, rights violations take place with impunity. Canada has a solitary confinement problem, and it needs to get fixed.
Solitary confinement was the brainchild …
READ MORELe Ministère des Relations internationales et de la Francophonie du Québec vient d’entrer dans une phase de réflexion pour recalibrer sa présence à l’étranger. Un redéploiement des bureaux et délégations québécoises est un exercice nécessaire afin de s’adapter aux …
READ MOREOn August 18th, officers from the Malian armed forces led a coup d’état against President Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta and his government. They detained the President, his Prime Minister, and other senior officials, and forced Keïta (known by his …
READ MOREIt’s not the kind of statement that comforts the faithful. Dr. Theresa Tam, Canada’s Chief Public Health Officer, told a press conference last month that we are “steering in uncertain waters. No one knows exactly what is going …
READ MOREFor reading week this year we asked CIPS‘ distinguished members to recommend a novel to their students (and to all students of good writing).
For over twenty …
READ MOREIn the past six months, Chinese foreign policy appears to have taken a dramatic and aggressive turn. China has lashed out at Australia for questioning its handling of the COVID-19 pandemic, bolstered its claims in the South China Sea, stepped …
READ MOREThe US National Security Agency (NSA) is by far the largest and best-resourced of the Five Eyes SIGINT partners. The four other members of the partnership, the UK’s Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ), Canada’s Communications Security Establishment (CSE), the Australian Signals …
READ MOREThe Five Eyes alliance has served the current partners well by giving them an expanded intelligence base. This benefit is enhanced by the opportunity for professional discussions amongst intelligence partner agencies.
All five nations maintain bilateral intelligence relationships with other …
READ MOREAfter some wrangling, the Five Eyes member states have arrived at a common position on the use of Huawei technology in critical infrastructure. But the Huawei snafu is likely just the first of many challenges to alliance solidarity as an …
READ MOREI have been researching and writing about the Anglosphere for fifteen years. I just didn’t realize it for the first eight…
My first book, Selling the War on Terror: Foreign Policy Discourses After 9/11, grew out of my Ph.D. …
READ MOREThis short blog seeks to provide a more expansive understanding of the English-speaking world by identifying the complexities – or multiplicities – of the Anglosphere.
The Anglosphere has come to international prominence in the wake of the UK’s departure from …
READ MOREEven before Brexit, Britain was often portrayed as reluctant to fully engage with European affairs. One potential reason for this, particularly when it comes to the matters of defence and intelligence, is Britain’s close relationship with the US and its …
READ MOREHow Australia’s national identity is or should be constituted has been at the centre of ongoing ‘cultural wars’ that are simultaneously social and political and, as yet, without resolution. Political leaders have been leading figures in these debates, combining retrospectives …
READ MOREScholars typically place the origins of “Five Eyes” in the high-level cooperation that took place between the United States and the British Commonwealth during the Second World War. Yet the intellectual genesis of this international security partnership can be traced …
READ MORENew Zealand has been seen as the weakest link in the FVEY as well as the “soft underbelly” with a population of 5 million people, NZ is a small state functioning within a series of military and economic arrangements dominated …
READ MOREAu cours de la période de la guerre froide, l’opposition entre le capitalisme et le communisme a conçu le nouvel ordre du monde. Les États-Unis ont été à la tête du camp capitaliste soutenus par de nombreux alliés. L’importance …
READ MOREIn the past decade, key events have found the Five Eyes – a largely unknown Anglo-American postwar signals intelligence partnership – navigating a new, prominent global role. These include the Snowden disclosures on US and allied surveillance programs, joint statements …
READ MOREIn the immediate post-World War II period, Australia was included in the five eyes alliance. Why was this the case given Australia’s marginal importance to the US at the time?
Two years after fighting side-by-side in WWII, Australia failed to …
READ MORESince the beginning of this century, the governments of the five Anglosphere countries, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom (UK) and the United States (US), have steadily deepened their domestic policy collaboration.
Using exclusive and insular transgovernmental networks made …
READ MOREIn the academic year 2019-20, CIPS published more than 50 original blogs, written by 31 of Canada’s leading experts in international affairs. The blogs posts covered a diversity of topics, including Canadian foreign policy, China and the West, war, peace, …
READ MOREWhen many governments are still willing to trade the lives of the vulnerable for the economic gains of the wealthiest, we need a human rights-based approach to our post-pandemic world.
The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the world we knew. It …
READ MOREIt’s mid-July, two weeks after what many in the international media believed was Israel’s start date for the annexation of large parts of the West Bank.
Many commentators, including me, tried to predict the next move by Israeli Prime Minister …
READ MOREIt is shameful enough for a Canadian museum to deliberately hide its LGBTQ2+ content from certain visitors. However, when the museum in question is dedicated to human rights, such a decision is ten times more offensive and actually betrays the …
READ MOREA cold shower is a good thing. It has the immediate benefit of bringing one to one’s senses.In that way, Canada benefited this week in full view of the United Nations General Assembly as we lost a long-anticipated vote for …
READ MOREOn June 17, 2020, Canada will seek election to the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) as one of the ten non-permanent members. If successful, Canada will serve as one of five countries elected this year for a two-year term ending …
READ MOREWhile the Rohingya continue to endure an ongoing genocide both inside and outside their homeland, several international legal mechanisms churn slowly in parallel.
The last two weeks have seen moments of progress. First, an Argentinian court decided to consider an …
READ MOREOn 29 April, Israelis celebrated the 72nd anniversary of the foundation of their state, while at the same time, on ‘Land Day,’ Palestinians mourned the Nakbah (catastrophe), which remembers the ethnic cleansing of some 700,000 people from their land in …
READ MOREThe virus that causes COVID-19 has now reached Africa, a few weeks after it hit Europe and North America. Many analysts fear that the virus’s impact on the continent is nothing less than a “time bomb”, due to …
READ MORECanadian foreign policy has long embraced both a deep continental relationship with the United States and a devotion to liberal internationalism. In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, the time has come to re-evaluate our approach.
While Canada has been able …
READ MOREAs a break from our normal – more serious – fare we asked CIPS‘ distinguished members to tell us about books they’re currently reading. We asked for one academic book and one novel. Some of our members also included recommendations …
READ MOREThe advent of the COVID19 pandemic puts fresh pressure on the Canadian government to end the impasse that continues to hold two Canadians imprisoned as hostages in a Chinese jail. Michael Kovrig and Michael Spavor have now been in prison …
READ MOREThe first Palestinian fatality from COVID-19 was on 26 March. A sixty-year-old woman from Biddu, north of Jerusalem passed away as a result of the virus. By the end of March, some 117 people tested positive for the disease, though …
READ MOREThe National Security and Intelligence Committee of Parliamentarians (NSICOP) has had a brief and tumultuous life. It was under the gun from the start; once its authorizing legislation was passed in the summer of 2017 it had to get up …
READ MOREWhen William Shakespeare coined the phrase ‘Beware the Ides of March’ in 1599, it is unlikely that he was considering how prophetic his words would appear just over 400 years later. When the history of the second decade of the …
READ MORECommunity-Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) has emerged as a critical technique of resource governance in Southern Africa. It is intended to give control over specific natural resources such as freshwater, forests and forest products and wildlife populations and their habitat …
READ MOREPresident Xi Jinping’s surprise visit to Wuhan—the epicentre of the global COVID-19 pandemic—on March 10 is a clear sign China’s party-state now believes it has the new coronavirus under control. Moreover, it is a signal China’s leaders believe their …
READ MOREThe comprehensive examination is a rite of passage for those seeking PhDs in North America, laying out an intimidating list of the most important works in one’s field of study. The comprehensive examination process is a formative experience in multiple …
READ MOREOn March 5, the (Nuclear) Non-proliferation Treaty will turn 50-years old. Whether this will be an occasion for celebration or lamentation is an open question. The NPT’s once-in-five-year review conference will take place at UN HQ, April 27-May 22, and …
READ MOREThe new year began with two major crises in the Middle East, both of which have impacted Canadian policy and interests. First, the assassination of Iranian General Qassem Soleimani by the US in Iraq precipitating the downing of Ukraine Airlines …
READ MOREAt the end of January, the Arctic Frontiers conference, held in Norway, organized a discussion on the future of governance in the Arctic region. Some voices were raised to demand new regional structures of decision-making; these echo the wishes of …
READ MOREJustin Trudeau’s government starts its second mandate with a new look: slightly more subdued; more engaged on pressing national issues; seemingly less prone to putting communications ahead of policy, and more inclined to political realism rather than the naïve sloganeering …
READ MOREUN officials are not usually given to overstatement, which makes the recent assessment by the UN’s top disarmament diplomat that “the barriers to the use of nuclear weapons are lower than they’ve been since the darkest days of the Cold …
READ MOREAs African migrants continue to endure deadly voyages across the
Mediterranean, efforts to curb this flow have centred on countries like Niger
through which they transit.
Along with irregular migration, Niger is a trafficking hub for a
range of substances …
The UN is committed to improving peace operations by making them more ‘data-driven,’ but the move toward systematic data analysis comes with practical, ethical, and political challenges.
UN
peace operations face a variety of problems, but one of the most …
The killing of Iranian General Qassem Suleimani has triggered the writing of a plethora of op-eds and think-pieces. Many of these make bold predictions without, in fact, providing a great deal of factual basis to support them. In reality, it …
READ MOREThere’s support for contact with China despite worries and uncertainties and a lack of trust in the US, a University of British Columbia survey finds.
Amidst the diplomatic crisis affecting Canada-China relations that has followed the arrests of Huawei chief …
READ MOREConstitutionaliste de formation, Kais Saïed a remporté haut la main les élections présidentielles tunisiennes en récoltant 72% de l’ensemble des votants (57%). L’exercice électoral était digne d’une grande démocratie comme en témoignent les observateurs nationaux et internationaux. Cependant, de nombreuses …
READ MOREIn September 2017 US President, Donald Trump, and North Korean dictator, Kim Jong-un were engaged in a furious interchange of insults and threats. However, less than a year later “Little rocket man” – as Trump called Kim in a speech …
READ MOREThe Canadian foreign service is in desperate condition. If the Trudeau government hopes to achieve its foreign policy objectives, its first priority should be a wholesale reform of Global Affairs Canada that focuses on the rejuvenation of the foreign service. …
READ MORE